Fluid-pressure system



V. V. VEENSCHOTEN.

FLUID PRESSURE SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED NOV, 22, 1917.

1,399,280. Patented Dec. 6, 1921.

1 I 2 SEEETS-SHEET 1.

- INVENTOR. WITNESS. V Vaenschalan ATTORNEY V. V. VEENSCHOTEN.

FLUID PRESSURE SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 22,1917.

1,399,280, Patented Dec. 6, 1921.

2 $HEETSSHE ET 2.

-INVENTUR fi Vanscholen/ W] TNESSJ ATTORNEY VINCENT V. VEENSCHOTEN, OFERIE, PENNSYLVANIA.

FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEM.

Application filed November '[0 aZZ whom it may coma we.

Be it known that I, Vrxcnrvr V. Vnnn- SCHOTEN, citizen of he UnitedStates, residing at Erie, in the county of Erie and State oiPennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inFluid- Pressure Systems, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to apparatus for controlling fluid pressuresystems wherein such fluids as water and steam are used under varyingpressures, and particularly where it is desired to prevent injury of thesystem in case of accidents or other abnormal occurrences. Inillustrating my invention I have related it particularly to boilerfeed-water systems; and one of the objects of the invention is toprovide means t'or more completely controlling such systems,particularly in cases of excessive loads thereon or accidents thereto,or of improper manipulation of the system in any way.

In boiler feed-water systems it is common to use a pump for forcing thewater into the boiler, the pump being operated by steam supplied by theboiler; and it sometimes happens that the pressure in the feed-waterpipe, because of breakage or leakage thereof, or for other reasons,becomes reduced to such an extent that the pump begins to race due tothe decrease in its load, and injury thereto may result. Such a resultmay follow the reduction in suction in the supply line of the pump dueto shortage of water, leakage, breakage, or otherwise. And one of the oljeots of the invention is to prevent injuries to the pump, or to givenotice to the opera tor, by stopping the pump or reducing its speed itany such an emergency arises.

Of the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a front elevation of a boilersystem, more or less diagrammatic, embodying features oi? my invention;Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of the control valve, and Fig. 8shows an application of the control valve to another type ofhydraulicsystem.

Referring to Fig. 1 the boiler 5 is fed with water by means of thefeed-water pipes 6 and 32, the supply of water being controlled by theregulator 7, which controls, in a well known manner, the level of theelevation of the water level in the boiler by means of the feed-watervalve 8; the water pressure in the feed-water pipe being maintained bythe pump 9, which is operated by the engine 10. The engine is suppliedwith steam from the Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Deo. 6, 1921. 22, 1917. Serial No. 203,469.

boiler through the pipe 11; and the steam supply valve 12 is controllednormally, in a well known manner, by the governor 13; while my controlvalve in the casing 14, in turn, controls the operation of the governorunder certain conditions.

If, for any reason, there is a material fall in pressure in thefeed-water pipe 32, the pump will be shut off by the action of thecontrol valve in the casing 14 or the governor 13. The governor 13 maybe of any ordinary type such as any of the constant pressure governorsor constant excess pressure governors 1n general use. ticular instance Ihave shown a constant excess pressure governor, whereby the opening oithe steam valve to the pump is controlled by the pressure of thefeed-water delivered by the pump in excess of the pressure of the steamin the boiler. Casing 14; of the governor control valve is connected bythe pipe 19, to the feed-water discharge pipe 32; to the governor 13, bythe pipe 25; and it is connected to the boiler by means of the pipe 20which may be extended upwardly, as indicated. in Fig. 1, above theboiler so far as may be desired.

The control valve comprises a valve 22 which is adapted normally toclose a port 23; but, under certain conditions, it will be "forcedupward to close a port 24. Normally the water pressure is transmit ed tothe governor 13 through the pipe 19, the upper port 2e, and the pipe 25;but steam pressure is transmitted to the governor in the ordinary mannerthrough the pipe 21.

Fixed to the valve 22 is an upwardly extending stem 36 encircled by aspring 35, which is compressed between a washer 87, resting on ashoulder 38 or the valve stem, and the sleeve 39. The position of theupper end of the spring may be adjusted by means of the sleeve 39threaded into the yoke 40.

In operation, if there should be a serious leakage in the feed-waterpipe, or a shortage of water in the pump suction pipe, the water in theboiler would sink; the regulator 7 would open wider the valve 8; thiswould reduce still more the pressure in the feedwater pipe, and thevalve 8 would open to its maximum extent. If other boilers were in usewith boiler 5, using water from the pump 9, further reduction inpressure would result in the main feed-water line 32 and hence in thepipe 19 and above the valve 22.

'In this par- This reduction in the pressure would cause the governor toopen wider the steam valve 12, and thus, as the load on the pump wouldliminish, racing of the pump might follow. If, for any reason, thepressure in the teed water pipe were reduced to a certain predeterminedamount the pressure of the steam acting on the condensed water in pipe20, aided by the weight of the water therein, would force open the valve22, and this increased pressure would thenact on the governor throughpipe 25 and would slow down the pump before its increased speed wouldbecome dangerous. It suilicient reduction in pressure in the teed-we. erpipe should occur suddenly the water pressure would instantly fallliabelow the pressure acting on the under side of the valve 22 that thevalve would very quickly be operated andthe pump properly controlled. Acheck valve prevents the b ck pressure from the boiler reaching thecontrol valve and interfering with its operation.

In starting the pum the valve 22, to'gravity and the pressure of thespring will close it the valve 5]. is closed. This will relieve thepressure in the water pressure chamber of the governor and the pump maybe started in the usual manner by opening valve ll. Valve 51 may then heopened order to pro Jerly control the governor. It will be readilyunderstood that the compression of the spring controls the excesspressure required to open the valve 22, and the pump, by suitablyadjusting the compression of the spring, may be merely slowed down orentirely stopped. when the valve 22 is operated. If the pressurerequired to operate the valve 22 is sufficient to overcome the steampressure and the weight acting on the governor, the steam valve 12 willbe closed and the pump stopped.

Although I have illustrated my invention in this instance by means ofconstant evcess pressure governor, it is to be unuerstood that anyordinary form of governor may be used in connection with the controlvalve, as the steam pipe 2i leading to the governor is in no waydirectly related to the control valve. 1 also use as an illustration asteam boiler system which generates steam for operating the pump engine;but it is to be understood that steam from any other source may be usedfor operating the engine, or suitable pressure from any other source foroperating the control valve may be used. The control valve may beapplied also to other fluid pressure systems, such as centrifugal pumpoperated by a steam engine and circulating water through a condenser ofthe steam plant, or pumping water from the hot well sump or otherwise.And I further wish it understood that the control valve is applicableunder suitable condi tions tothe controlling of any device other throughthe condenser from the pump is forced out through a pipe 59 to a sprayor other coolin means into a tanked from which it is drawn'by the pumpand again forced into the condenser. The turbine 56 is operated by steamcoining hem the boiler (not shown) through the pipe {51 and the steamvalve 62. The opening of the valve (32 is governed in a usual manner byany suitable form of governor, such as the constant pressure governor63. The pressure chamber of the governoris connected by a pipee-fl tothe controller casing and in turn by the pipe 66 with the water pipe 59;while the steam pressure chamber of the control valve casing 65connected by a pipe 67 with the steam pipe 61.

In operation, if, for any reason, a material reduction in the waterpressure in pipe 59 occurs, the valve of the controller 65 will beforced open, and the steam pressure will act through the controller andpipe 6 lto the governor, and slow down or stop the pump, depending upontie adjustment of the controller spring and therelative pressures of thesteam and the water in the controller casing.

I claim as my invention:

1. The combination of two vessels, a fluid under pressure contained ineach of said vessels, a device arranged to be operated by one of saidfluids, and means toroperating the said device by the other of saidfluids when the difference between the pressures of the said fluidsreaches a predetermined amount. I Z

2. The combination of two vessels, a fluid under pressure contained ineach of said vessels, means for'var'ying the pressure of one of saidfluids, a device arranged to be operated by one of said fluids as itspressure varies, and means for operating the said device by the otherfluid when the differences between said pressures reaches apredetermined amount.

The combination of two vessels, a fluid under pressure contained in each01 said vessels, a device arranged to be operated normally andcontinuously varying the pressure of one of said fluids, and means'toreliminating the effect of said latter pressure when it reduces to apredetermined amount below the pressure of the other fluid.

4:. The combination of two vessels, a fluid under pressure contained ineach of said fluid pressure; said controller vessels, means for varyingthe pressure of one of said fluids, a device arranged to be operatednormally and continuously by the varying pressure of aid latter fluid,and means for eliminating the effect of said latter pressure when thedii'lierences between the pressures reaches predetermined amount.

5. In a boiler teed-w: system, the com bination of a pump governorcontroller thereof, said controller comprising a casing having twoinlets and one outlet, said outlet being connected with the w pressurechamber or" said governor, sai... inlets adapted be connectedrespectively with the teed-water )ipe and the steam chamber of a boiler,a valve in said casing, said valve being operable by the water and steampressures of the system and arranged to alternately connectsaid inletswith the outlet.

a boiler feed-water system, the com- -ion or a constant excess pressurepump governor and controller thereof, said controller comprising acasing having two inlets and one outlet, said outlet being connectedwith the water pressure chamber of said overnor, said inlets adapted tobe connec ed respectively with the f ed-water pipe and the steam chamberof a boiler, a valve in said casing, said valve being operable by thewater and steam pressures of the system, and arranged to alternatelyconnect said inlets with the outlet.

7. In a boiler feed-water system, acombin-ation oi device to beoperated, and a controller of said device; said controller comprisingcasing having a steam and a w ter inlet a an out-let, and said devicehaving a water inlet; said device and said cont-roller each arranged tobe operated outlet being connected with the water inlet of said device;said controller steam and water in lets adapted to be connectedrespectively with the steam and teed-water pipes of a boiler; ant avalve in said cas ng arranged to alternately connect the water and thesteam inlets thereof with the outlet.

8. In a boiler-feed water system, the combination of a pump governor,and a controller for said governor, said controller having two inlet oneoutlet, means operatively connecting said out-l he water pressurechamber of said g vernor, one 01 said inlets being adapted to beconnected with the teed-water pipe of said system, and the other of saidinlets being adapted to be connected with the steam chamber of saidboile and means within said con trol er for alternately connecting saidinlets with said outlet.

and a 9. In a boiler feed-water system, the com bination of a pumpgovernor, and ,a controller for said governor, said controller havingtwo inlets and an outlet, means operatively connecting said outlet withthe water pressure chamber of said governor, one or" said inlets beingadapted to be con nected with the teed-water pipe of said sys tem, andthe other of said inlets being adapted to be connected with the steamchamber of said boiler, and means within said controller for alternatelyconnecting said inlets with said outlet, said means being operable bythe relative pressure in said inlets.

10. In a boiler teed-water system, the combination of a pump governor,and a controller for said governor, said controller having two inletsand an outlet, means operatively connecting said outlet with the waterpressure chamber of said governor, one of said inlets being adapted tobe connected with the feed-water pipe of said system, and the other ofsaid inlets being adapted to be connected with the steam chamber of saidboiler, and means within said controller for alternately connecting saidinlets with said outlet, said means comprising a valve, and a springarranged to tend to hold said valve closed against the pressure in oneof said inlets.

11. In a boiler system, the combination of a pump governor and a controlvalve, the governor having a water chamber and a steam chamber, thecontroller having two inlets and an outlet, the controller inlets beingconnected respectively with the feed water pipe of the boiler and thesteam chamber thereof, means for alternately connecting said controllerinlets with its outlet, the steam chamber of the governor beingoperatively connected with the steam chamber of the boiler, and theoutlet of said controller being operatively connected with the waterchamber of said governor.

12. In a boiler system, the combination of a constant. excess pressurepump governor controller therefor, the controller having two inlets andan outlet, the steam chamber of the governor being connected to thesteam chamber of the boiler, the controller inlets being connectedrespectively with the feed-water pipe of the boiler system and the steamchamber thereof, and means for alternately connecting said controllerinlets with its outlet, said outlet being operatively con nected to thewater chamber 01": said g overnor.

In testimony whereof, I hereunto set my hand.

VINOEN T V. VEENSOHOTEN.

